MSH End of Unit Test - States of Matter, Diffusion, Atoms, Elements and Compounds

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Question 11 mark

Which statement best describes a solid?

AParticles are far apart and move randomly.BParticles are close together in a regular arrangement and vibrate in fixed positions.CParticles are close together and slide past each other freely.DParticles have no attraction between them.

Question 21 mark

Which property is true for a liquid?

AIt has a fixed shape and fixed volume.BIt has no fixed shape but has a fixed volume.CIt has no fixed volume and no fixed shape.DIts particles are arranged in a fixed lattice.

Question 31 mark

Which change of state occurs when a liquid becomes a gas below its boiling point?

AmeltingBcondensingCevaporatingDfreezing

Question 41 mark

During melting, what happens to the particles of a solid?

AThey lose kinetic energy and become fixed.BThey gain enough energy to overcome some forces and move out of fixed positions.CThey become atoms instead of molecules.DThey move closer together into a regular arrangement.

Question 51 mark

A gas is heated at constant pressure. What happens to its volume?

AIt decreases because particles move more slowly.BIt increases because particles move faster and spread further apart.CIt stays the same because gas particles have no mass.DIt becomes zero because particles condense.

Question 61 mark

A gas is compressed at constant temperature. Which statement is correct?

AThe particles are forced closer together.BThe particles stop moving.CThe particles become larger.DThe particles change into a liquid immediately.

Question 71 mark

On a heating curve, the temperature stays constant during boiling because energy is used to

Aincrease particle sizeBbreak intermolecular forces rather than increase kinetic energyCreduce the number of particlesDchange atoms into ions

Question 81 mark

Which row correctly compares particle separation?

Asolid: far apart; liquid: far apart; gas: closeBsolid: close; liquid: close; gas: far apartCsolid: far apart; liquid: close; gas: closeDsolid: close; liquid: far apart; gas: fixed

Question 91 mark

Diffusion is best described as

Amovement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentrationBmovement of water only through a membraneCseparation of a solid from a liquidDformation of a compound from elements

Question 101 mark

Why does diffusion occur?

AParticles are stationary in all states.BParticles move randomly and collide with each other.COnly heavy particles can move.DParticles are held in fixed positions in gases.

Question 111 mark

Which gas would diffuse fastest at the same temperature?

Achlorine, Mr 71Bcarbon dioxide, Mr 44Cammonia, Mr 17Doxygen, Mr 32

Question 121 mark

A student opens a bottle of perfume at the front of a classroom. Students at the back smell it later because

Aperfume particles diffuse through the airBair particles turn into perfumeCperfume particles are destroyedDthe perfume becomes a solid

Question 131 mark

Which statement describes an element?

AA substance made of two or more elements chemically combined.BA substance made of only one type of atom.CA substance containing substances not chemically combined.DA substance that can be separated by filtration.

Question 141 mark

Which substance is a compound?

AoxygenBsodiumCwaterDair

Question 151 mark

Which statement about mixtures is correct?

AThe substances are chemically bonded in fixed ratios.BThe substances can often be separated by physical methods.CThey contain only one type of atom.DThey always have a chemical formula.

Question 161 mark

Which list contains only elements?

Ahydrogen, oxygen, copperBwater, carbon dioxide, sodium chlorideCair, sea water, brassDhydrogen chloride, methane, ammonia

Question 171 mark

What is found in the nucleus of an atom?

Aelectrons onlyBprotons and neutronsCneutrons and electronsDprotons and electrons

Question 181 mark

What is the relative charge of an electron?

A+1B0C-1D+2

Question 191 mark

What is the relative mass of a proton?

A1B0C1/1840D2

Question 201 mark

The proton number of an atom is the number of

Aneutrons in the nucleusBprotons in the nucleusCelectrons in the outer shellDprotons plus neutrons

Question 211 mark

The mass number of an atom is the total number of

Aprotons and neutronsBprotons and electronsCneutrons and electronsDouter-shell electrons

Question 221 mark

An atom has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. What is its mass number?

A11B12C23D1

Question 231 mark

Which electronic configuration is correct for magnesium, proton number 12?

A2,8,2B2,10C2,7,3D2,8,1,1

Question 241 mark

An element has electronic configuration 2,8,7. Which group is it in?

AGroup IBGroup IIICGroup VIIDGroup VIII

Question 251 mark

Which statement about noble gases is correct?

AThey have full outer electron shells.BThey all form positive ions easily.CThey are very reactive metals.DThey have seven outer shell electrons.

Question 261 mark

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with

Adifferent numbers of protons and electronsBthe same number of protons but different numbers of neutronsCthe same mass number but different proton numbersDdifferent chemical properties because they have different electrons

Question 271 mark

Which pair represents isotopes of the same element?

Acarbon-12 and carbon-14Bsodium-23 and magnesium-24Cchlorine-35 and sulfur-32Doxygen-16 and nitrogen-14

Question 281 mark

When a sodium atom forms a sodium ion, it

Agains one electron to form Na−Bloses one electron to form Na+Cgains seven electrons to form Na7−Dloses one proton to form Na+

Question 291 mark

An ionic bond is

Aa shared pair of electrons between two atomsBa weak force between simple moleculesCa strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ionsDan attraction between nuclei and delocalised electrons only

Question 301 mark

A covalent bond is formed when

Aelectrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metalBa pair of electrons is shared between atomsCpositive and negative ions form a latticeDatoms lose all outer-shell electrons